Medical emergency? Call 911 in the U.S. or your local emergency number. This website is for education, not diagnosis.

Notice • describe • decide

Symptom guide

Symptoms are clues, not diagnoses. Learn what details help a clinician, which warning signs need urgent attention, and how to track changes clearly.

Call 911 for emergency warning signs

Examples include severe trouble breathing, signs of stroke, crushing chest pressure, major uncontrolled bleeding, loss of consciousness, seizure lasting several minutes, severe allergic reaction, or immediate danger of self-harm.

Chest symptoms have many possible causes. New, severe, crushing, or persistent chest pressure—especially with sweating, nausea, shortness of breath, or pain spreading to the arm, jaw, back, or shoulder—can be an emergency.

When to actCall 911 for severe, sudden, or concerning chest symptoms.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Notice whether it began suddenly, occurs at rest or with exertion, includes wheezing, fever, chest pain, bluish lips, or inability to speak in full sentences.

When to actCall 911 for severe breathing difficulty, blue/gray color, confusion, or collapse.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Describe onset, location, severity, duration, triggers, associated nausea, light sensitivity, fever, weakness, vision change, or neck stiffness.

When to actSeek emergency care for a sudden “worst headache,” new neurologic symptoms, or headache after major injury.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Record location, timing, meals, bowel or urinary changes, fever, vomiting, pregnancy possibility, and whether the pain moves.

When to actSeek urgent care for severe pain, rigid abdomen, fainting, vomiting blood, black stools, or pregnancy with severe pain.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Clarify spinning versus lightheadedness, position changes, medications, hydration, heart symptoms, hearing changes, and loss of consciousness.

When to actCall 911 for fainting with chest pain, breathing trouble, severe headache, weakness, or injury.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Track the measured temperature, method, duration, exposure, rash, pain, hydration, immune status, recent procedures, and travel.

When to actInfants, immunocompromised people, and people with severe symptoms may need prompt professional advice.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Consider sleep, mood, recent illness, bleeding, medicines, nutrition, activity, breathing, pain, and how long it has affected daily life.

When to actSeek prompt care for fatigue with chest pain, severe breathlessness, confusion, bleeding, or sudden weakness.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Note appearance, body location, itch or pain, new products, medicines, foods, infections, fever, blisters, and involvement of eyes or mouth.

When to actCall 911 for rash with trouble breathing or swelling of the face or throat.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Track frequency, fluids kept down, blood, severe pain, headache, pregnancy, medicine changes, and signs of dehydration.

When to actUrgent care may be needed for blood, severe dehydration, severe pain, confusion, or persistent vomiting.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Record whether it is one-sided, sudden, progressive, related to position, accompanied by speech, vision, balance, or bladder/bowel changes.

When to actCall 911 for sudden facial droop, arm weakness, speech trouble, or other stroke signs.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Note one side versus both, suddenness, pain, redness, breathing symptoms, injury, pregnancy, and medication changes.

When to actCall 911 for swelling with breathing difficulty; urgent evaluation is needed for sudden painful one-sided leg swelling.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Consider time frame, appetite, thirst, urination, bowel changes, mood, medicines, activity, and other symptoms.

When to actArrange medical evaluation for substantial, unexplained, or continuing weight change.
Prepare for a medical visit →

Better symptom notes

The S.O.C.R.A.T.E.S. framework

A structured description helps you communicate what is happening without trying to name the diagnosis yourself.

Site + onset

Where is it? When and how did it begin?

Character

Sharp, dull, burning, pressure, spinning, itchy, weak?

Radiation

Does it move or spread anywhere else?

Associations

What other symptoms happen with it?

Timing

Constant or episodic? How long? Any pattern?

Exacerbating

What makes it worse or better?

Severity

How does it affect sleep, movement, work, or eating?

Story

Recent illness, injury, travel, medicine, exposure, or stress?

Symptom tracker

Print or save this checklist before an appointment.

Verified source

MedlinePlus Symptoms Index

A broad index of symptom topics including chest pain, breathing problems, cough, headache, constipation, bleeding, and more.

Visit official source ↗
Verified source

CDC Emergency Preparedness

Public guidance for recognizing emergencies and planning for urgent health events.

Visit official source ↗