Cancer basics
Cancer is a group of diseases in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and may invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. There are more than 100 types, often named for the organ, tissue, or cell where they begin.
Screening and symptoms
Screening is intended to find certain cancers before symptoms begin, but recommended tests depend on age, sex, anatomy, risk factors, family history, and prior results. Persistent or unexplained symptoms deserve medical evaluation, but most symptoms have causes other than cancer.
Diagnosis and staging
Diagnosis may involve examination, laboratory testing, imaging, endoscopy, and often biopsy. Staging describes the extent of cancer and helps guide treatment and prognosis. The system differs by cancer type.
Treatment types
Treatment depends on the cancer type, stage, biomarkers, overall health, goals, and preferences. Many people receive a combination of treatments.
Managing side effects and life
Supportive and palliative care can address pain, nausea, fatigue, nutrition, sleep, emotional health, sexual health, work, caregiving, and quality of life at any stage of illness. Ask early about symptom management and support services.
Find specialized care
Complex or rare cancers may benefit from consultation at a center with relevant expertise. NCI provides a directory of designated cancer centers and information on clinical trials.